Speciation

form of new species from the existing species due to many different reasons such as …

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Explanation of Allopatric speciation and Sympatric speciation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allopatric Speciation

 

Allo= Different      Patris =Country

 

 since they are meant to be different country, allopatric speciation is also known for geographic speciation. It’s a type of speciacion when the population is separated by a physical barrier. Physical barriers can be the form of a mountain, and crack in the ground. Since the small population is isolated from the parent population, they are likely to make a big change to create a new species. Since they have small population and smaller gene pool (diversity), the combinations of alleles might be fixed. This can cause the genotype and phenotype to diverge from the parent population to create the different and new species.

Example
Since allopatric speciaion can separate the parent poppulation due to the form of a mountain or the crack in the ground, they are living in the different place. If there are an organisms  living in the different area, the food they eat would be different, and their predidors would be different. they have to make a different to adapt to that area. So, this can create the different species.

 

Butterflies that used to live in the same area were speared due to the form of a mountain. One side is very shady and one side is very bright. To hide themselves from their predators, the butterflies in the shady area became darker in colour to hide and the butterflies in the bright area became lighter in colour.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sympatric Speciation

 

sym= together Patris= country

 

meaning that they are not separated, but the speciation occurs without any phical separation of the new species. A new species can be forms in the same area as the original one. Sympatric speciation can be seen in plants more than animals because they are able to self-pollinate. The errors in the chromosomes can lead to sympatric speciation, because it’s the creation of new species and the offspring of the species with the errors in the chromosomes can be completely different from the two generations before.

 

Example

Sympatric Speciation :There are the  insects in the same geographical area. They are supposed to fertilize egg on the red apple, but one of the insect fertilized accidentally on the green apple, which is different from what they used to. the insects eat the crops that they were born on. If the insects were born on the green apple, they will ear green apples. So, the different habitat of the insects create different species. This is the example of sympatric Speciation